Artificial intelligence-generated images and videos are playing an increasingly visible role in political campaigns across the country, raising concerns among election experts about the potential for voter confusion and misinformation ahead of the 2026 midterm elections.
Campaigns, political action committees and outside groups are using AI tools to create content that ranges from humorous memes to realistic portrayals of candidates saying or doing things that never occurred. The technology is being used both to promote candidates and to attack opponents.
Recent examples have included videos depicting candidates as superheroes, animated animals and fictional characters, as well as fabricated scenes designed to highlight controversial statements or positions. Some of the content includes disclaimers indicating it was created with artificial intelligence, while other material can be more difficult for viewers to identify as altered.
The rapid improvement and widespread availability of AI software have made it easier and less expensive to create convincing digital content. Researchers tracking the trend say the number of deepfakes shared online has increased dramatically in recent years, creating new challenges for voters, campaigns and election officials.
A recent NPR, PBS, and Marist poll found that 85% of Americans believe AI-generated political content is likely to spread misleading information during the midterm election season.
Experts say the challenge is not limited to obviously fake images. More sophisticated AI tools can create realistic videos, voices and photographs that may appear authentic at first glance. Social media platforms can amplify such content quickly, allowing altered images and videos to reach large audiences before fact-checkers or campaigns can respond.
Several states, including Minnesota, have enacted laws restricting the use of election-related deepfakes. However, legal experts note that enforcement can be difficult because of constitutional free speech protections and the challenge of determining where political satire ends and deception begins.
Both Republican and Democratic campaigns have experimented with AI-generated content, although researchers say Republican campaigns and political groups have generally used the technology more aggressively in recent months. Some AI-generated posts have drawn criticism for depicting political opponents in misleading or offensive ways.
Technology companies are also taking steps to address concerns. OpenAI recently announced efforts to provide users with reliable election information through partnerships with news and civic organizations.
Cybersecurity specialists warn that AI-generated misinformation is likely to remain a significant issue as the technology continues to improve. They encourage voters to be cautious when viewing sensational political videos or images online, verify information through trusted news sources, and look for disclosures indicating whether content was created or altered using artificial intelligence.
Source: WSJ