An injury once associated almost exclusively with professional pitchers is becoming more common in youth baseball, raising concerns among doctors, trainers, and parents about overuse and year-round competition.
Tommy John surgery, a procedure used to reconstruct the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) in the elbow, has traditionally been associated with Major League Baseball pitchers seeking to extend their careers. Now, medical experts say more teenagers — and even younger athletes — are requiring the operation.
The surgery is named after Tommy John, the first player to successfully undergo the procedure in the 1970s.
Mike Evangelist of JAG Physical Therapy said the growing number of young athletes facing surgery is troubling, especially because it is often preventable.
The UCL plays a critical role in stabilizing the elbow during throwing motions. Repetitive stress, especially from pitching, can damage the ligament and eventually require reconstruction. Recovery often sidelines athletes for many months and can cost an entire season.
Evangelist said the problem is being fueled by increasing competitiveness in youth baseball. Young players are often pushed to throw harder, develop breaking pitches and compete year-round before their bodies are fully developed.
That combination can place excessive strain on the elbow and lead to poor mechanics, increasing the risk of serious injury.
Medical research has highlighted the trend. RUSH University Medical Center reported in recent years that the fastest-growing age group needing Tommy John surgery was athletes ages 15 to 19.
Experts say prevention is the key to reversing the trend.
That includes monitoring pitch counts, limiting innings, building in rest periods, and avoiding constant play across multiple teams and showcases. Coaches are also encouraged to focus on sound throwing mechanics and age-appropriate training rather than velocity alone.
The offseason can be just as important, trainers say. Time away from throwing, along with strength and flexibility programs, can help young arms recover before the next season begins.
Source: KFOR Oklahoma City